Plant-Bird Relationship: 3. Euphorbiaceae

on 4th October 2012

An earlier post dealt with the fig family of Moraceae LINK. The current post deals with the rubber family of Euphorbiaceae.

Euphorbiaceae is a large plant family of herbs, shrubs and trees. The tissues often contain white latex. Leaves are simple and alternately arranged along the stems. Flowers are usually small, unisexual, often with the male flowers borne in separate plants from those of the female flowers. Ripening fruits typically split open into three parts, each with one to two seeds – think of the rubber fruits.

Euphorbiaceae
1. Claoxylon indicum (jarak kayu: above left)
Javan Myna: fruit_StevenChong_240409_urban – LINK

2. Hura crepitans (sandbox tree: above right)
Barbets
Coppersmith Barbet: nesting_AmarSingh_241209_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Fantails
Pied fantail: nesting_AmarSingh_020611_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Sunbirds
Brown-throated Sunbird: flowers_AmarSingh_130510_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK

3. Macaranga spp.
Bulbuls
Olive-winged Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_010210_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK

4. Macaranga bancana (common mahang)
Barbets
Brown Barbet: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Bulbuls
Black-headed Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_140112_Malaysia – LINK
Black-headed Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_171109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Buff-vented Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Cream-vented Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_171109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Hairy-backed Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_171109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Red-eyed Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_141109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Spectacled Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Spectacled Bulbul: fruit_AmarSingh_141109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Flycatchers
Asian Brown Flycatcher: fruit_AmarSungh_101109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Blue-and-white Flycatcher: fruit_AmarSingh_030112_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Rufous-chested Flycatchers: fruit_AmarSingh_030112_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Yellow-rumped Flycatcher: fruit_AmarSungh_101109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Hanging-parrots
Blue-crowned Hanging-parrot: fruit_AmarSingh_231211_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Ioras
Green Iora: fruit_AmarSungh_101109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Spiderhunters
Grey-breasted Spiderhunter: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Grey-breasted Spiderhunter: fruit_AmarSingh_211109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Little Spiderhunter: fruit_AmarSingh_211109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Spectacled Spiderhunter: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Yellow-eared Spiderhunter: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Sunbirds
Plain Sunbird: nectar-fruit_AmarSingh_061109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Plain Sunbird: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Purple-naped Sunbitd: nectar-fruit_AmarSingh_061109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Purple-naped Sunbird: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Purple-naped Sunbird: fruit_AmarSingh_261211_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Red-throated Sunbird: nectar-fruit_AmarSingh_061109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Ruby-cheeked Sunbird: nectar-fruit_AmarSingh_061109_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
Starlings
Asian Glossy Starlings: fruit_AmarSingh_010210_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK
White-eyes
Everett’s White-eyes: fruit_AmarSingh_050810_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK

5. Macaranga heynei (blue mahang)
Sunbirds
Brown-throated Sunbird: fruit_MarcusNg_300709_rural – LINK
Plain Sunbird: fruit_AmarSingh_051209_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK

6. Macaranga gigantean (giant mahang: above left)
Bulbuls
Yellow-vented Bulbul: fruit_CheongWengChun-151211_Selangor-Malaysia – LINK
Leafbirds
Orange-bellied Leafbird: fruit_AdrianLim_180109_Malaysia – LINK
Mynas
Myna: fruit_CheongWengChun-151211_Selangor-Malaysia – LINK
Starlings
Purple-backed Starlings: fruit_CheongWengChun-151211_Selangor-Malaysia – LINK
Trillers
Pied Triller: fruit_CheongWengChun-151211_Selangor-Malaysia – LINK
White-eyes
Oriental White-eye: ?fruit_CheongWengChun-151211_Selangor-Malaysia – LINK

7. Manihot esculenta (tapioca, above right)
Crimson Sunbird: nectar_MikeKoh_110809_rural – LINK

8. Manihot glaziovii (wild tapioca)
Brown-throated Sunbird: nectar_AmarSingh_191209_Ipoh-Malaysia – LINK

YC Wee
Singapore
October 2012

If you like this post please tap on the Like button at the left bottom of page. Any views and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors/contributors, and are not endorsed by the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum (LKCNHM, NUS) or its affiliated institutions. Readers are encouraged to use their discretion before making any decisions or judgements based on the information presented.

YC Wee

Dr Wee played a significant role as a green advocate in Singapore through his extensive involvement in various organizations and committees: as Secretary and Chairman for the Malayan Nature Society (Singapore Branch), and with the Nature Society (Singapore) as founding President (1978-1995). He has also served in the Nature Reserve Board (1987-1989), Nature Reserves Committee (1990-1996), National Council on the Environment/Singapore Environment Council (1992-1996), Work-Group on Nature Conservation (1992) and Inter-Varsity Council on the Environment (1995-1997). He is Patron of the Singapore Gardening Society and was appointed Honorary Museum Associate of the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum (LKCNHM) in 2012. In 2005, Dr Wee started the Bird Ecology Study Group. With more than 6,000 entries, the website has become a valuable resource consulted by students, birdwatchers and researchers locally and internationally. The views and opinions expressed in this article are his own, and do not represent those of LKCNHM, the National University of Singapore or its affiliated institutions.

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